Caused by the parasite Trypanosoma cruzi, transmitted by triatomine bugs—commonly called “kissing bugs.”
Infection occurs when the bug’s feces enter the body through eyes, mouth, or skin contact.
📍 Spread in the U.S.
Once mostly found in South and Central America, Chagas is now appearing in U.S. states like California, Texas, Arizona, Louisiana, and Florida.
A CDC study found human cases in eight states and recommends classifying it as endemic (regularly found in a region).
⚠️ Health Risks
Acute phase: Fever, fatigue, rash, body aches, swollen lymph nodes.
Chronic phase: Can lead to serious heart, digestive, and neurological problems; 20–30% of infected individuals may develop life-threatening complications.
Romaña’s sign (eyelid swelling) is a common symptom.
🧪 Diagnosis & Treatment
Two approved drugs: Benznidazole and Lampit (nifurtimox).
Clinical trials for new treatments are underway.
No vaccine currently available.
Many healthcare providers are unaware of its local spread, complicating diagnosis and care.
🏠 Prevention Tips
Clean rodent nesting areas like wood piles.
Seal doors and windows; use screens.
Apply residual pesticides near entry points if needed.
📣 Call to Action
Experts urge public awareness, better testing, and education for healthcare professionals.
Dr. Norman Beatty emphasizes the need for declaring Chagas endemic and investing in research and monitoring.
